Hard tissue management: osseous access, curettage, biopsy and root isolation

General characteristics and milestones for bone access, curettage, biopsy and root isolation. The concept and principles of periradicular surgery, the methods and techniques. Removal of bone and root tip. Assessment of the results of the operation.

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  • General characteristics of the root anatomy. Familiarity with the features of the instrument, using a dental surgery. Analysis of features of the use of dentin-bonding techniques. Compomers role in surgical dentistry. Preliminary stages of restoration.

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  • Periradicular surgery as the most commonly performed endodontic surgical procedure, analysis of the main objectives. Familiarity with the requirements of an ideal root-end filling material. Consideration of poor outcomes reported in clinical studies.

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  • Eliminate infection from the root canal system and the periradicular tissues. Periradicular surgery is an option of endodontic re-treatment when root canal treatment and re-treatment fails. Reviews the use of re-surgery in the treatment of failed cases.

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  • A retrospective study of 208 cases of root fractures as a result of the maxillofacial trauma patient groups in age from 7 to 17 years. Positive effect splinting: its methods and tools type analysis of tissue healing when compared with other techniques.

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  • Apparatus of the tooth and the root canal system. The diagnosis and repair of root perforations. Root perforations can be classified into three main groups: procedural errors, tooth resorption and caries. Access and visibility to the perforation.

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  • Determination the temperature rise on the root surfaced caused by ultrasonic post removal using different devices and techniques in a laboratory setting. Investigation ultrasonic devices and serrated titanium post into distal root canal of a mandibular.

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  • Vertical root fractures. Breakdown with deep periodontal pockets and vertical bone defects. Root fracture treatment using adhesive resin cement. Treatment of vertical root fracture. Distribution of the treated teeth. Prognosis of the treated teeth.

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  • Root canal treatment. The presence of microorganisms within the root canal. The focal infection theory in the medical literature. Propagation of microorganisms from a focus of circumscribed infection within a tissue and exacerbation of systemic illness.

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  • General methodological considerations. History of/criteria for the outcome of root canal treatment. Reliability and reproducibility of periapical radiography. Quality of root-fillings and coronal restorations. Methods of instrumentation and root-filling.

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  • At the opening of the root canal of each section, hemicircular cavities were drilled with a specially bur. The corresponding root sections were cemented with glue, thus obtaining root canals with similar cavities that simulated internal resorptions.

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  • The removal of metallic obstructions is an part of endodontic retreatment procedures. The characteristic of the Masserannkit, post pullers, the Canal-Finder-System, ultrasonic systems. Metal root canal obturators. Individually fabricated cast posts.

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  • Pathological changes in the dental pulp. The root canal system is harbor of several species of bacteria, their toxins and their by-products. Complete cleaning and shaping of root canals. Use of endodontic materials as root end filling materials.

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  • When a root fracture is located very close to the gingiva, the chance of healing with calcified tissue is poorest. A preferable treatment is thought to be the removal of the coronal and subsequent orthodontic or surgical extrusion of remaining fragment.

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  • Root fractures are combined injuries to the dentin, elementum, pulp and periodontal ligament. the healing patterns of such injuries remain unanswered. satisfactory healing of root fractures, in the absence of invasive management, over a 5-year period.

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  • History of root canal preparation. Endodontic Beutelrock-bur in a handpiece with a flexible angle. Goals of mechanical root canal preparation. Summary of currently available systems for engine-driven systems for root canal. Microbiological challenges.

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  • Osteogenic potential of calcium hydroxide and other materials in soft tissue. Calcium hydroxide as an bone inducer in rats. Ultrastructural study of initial calcification in the rat: subcutaneous tissues elicited by a root canal filling material.

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  • Pulpitis and apical periodontitis. Microbial ecology of the endodontium. The concept of infected and noninfected roots. Treatment of endodontic infection. Principles of and rationale for irrigation. Calcium hydroxide: indications and forms of application.

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  • Relationship of root apices to cortical and cancellous bone. Visualization of lesions in bone. Radiological features of apical periodontitis. Changes during healing of chronic apical periodontitis. Adjacent structures: maxillary sinus, nasal cavity.

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  • Principles of treatment of the upper right central incisor with intra-alveolar horizontal root fracture at the level of the middle third and upper left central incisor with horizontal root fracture in the cervical third. Results endodontic procedure.

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  • Main characteristics of chelator preparations and the critical examination of the extensive literature on the their effectiveness. Clinical results on the application and the order in which the chelator should be used. The results of the dental surgery.

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  • The treatment of a maxillary left central incisor with intra-alveolar horizontal root fracture in the middle of the root. Endodontic therapy. Radiograph of left central incisor after obturation of root canal with Thermafil and Grossman's sealer.

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  • Histological studies of inflammation of fibrous connective tissue. The surgical removal of a painful process. Drug encapsulation technique in the root canal periapical region of the left central incisor tooth. Analysis of representation of the case.

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  • Main fractures of roots in dental traumatology. Analysis of the techniques for bonding fractured tooth. Lonos bone cement for replacing and bonding bone fragments. The forces required to re-fracture the bonded roots, and their ratio to the surface area.

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  • Healing and long-term prognosis of cervical root fractures. Transverse fractures limited to the cervical third of the root, oblique fractures involving both the cervical and middle parts of the root. Suboptimal reposition of displaced coronal fragments.

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  • The advantages of ultrasonic or sonic root-end preparation compared to conventional bur preparation: a deeper root-end preparation, alignment in the original path of the root canal, a reduced risk of lingual perforation. A debridement of gutta-percha.

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